International Journal of Behavioral Sciences

International Journal of Behavioral Sciences

Structural Equation Model of Spiritual Well-Being, Attachments Styles, and social Well-Being among Students

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Ahoo Hedayat Qarahqayah
Nazanin Aghayee
Department of Clinical Psychology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
10.30491/ijbs.2025.511050.2206
Abstract
Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the structural relationships among attachment styles, social well-being, and spiritual well-being in students, based on a conceptual model utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).
Method: This descriptive correlational study target to all students aged 18-50 from the Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences at Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, during the academic year of 2022-2023. Using convenience sampling, 310 students were selected to complete the following questionnaires online: The Paloutzian and Ellison Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS), Hazan and Shaver Adult Attachment Questionnaire (AAQ), and Keyes Social Well-Being Scale (KSWBS). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and SEM with path analysis in SPSS-26 and AMOS-24 software.
Results: The findings indicated that secure attachment style (P=0.001, β=0.32) positively correlated with spiritual well-being, while avoidant (P=0.001, β=-0.29) and ambivalent (P=0.001, β=-0.268) styles negatively correlated. Social well-being (P=0.001, β=0.33) showed a significant positive correlation with spiritual well-being. Secure attachment (P=0.001, β=0.15) had a positive indirect effect, while ambivalent attachment (P=0.001, β=-0.15) had a negative indirect effect on spiritual well-being.
Conclusion: The findings suggest the need for university-based programs that foster secure attachments and social well-being to support students’ overall psychological and spiritual development.
Keywords
Attachment Styles
Social Well-Being
Spiritual Well-Being
Students
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International Journal of Behavioral Sciences
Volume 19, Issue 2
Summer 2025
Pages 108-114