Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Behavioral Sciences
2322-1194
2676-2900
10
2
2016
08
01
An investigation on the relationship between perfectionism beliefs, self-efficacy, and test anxiety with self-handicapping behaviors
45
49
EN
Mohammadreza
Firoozi
Dept. of Psychology, College of Humanities, Yasouj University
m.firoozi@yu.ac.ir
Ghader
Zadebagheri
Dept. of Psychiatry, College of Medical Sciences, Yasouj University of Medical Sciences, Yasouj, Iran
ghaderz@yahoo.com
Ali
Kazemi
Ph. D. in TEFL, Dept. of English, College of Humanities, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran.
akazemi@yu.ac.ir
Maryam
Karami
M. A. student, Yasouj University
maryamkarami@yahoo.com
Introduction: The present study sought to determine the relationship between perfectionism (positive or negative), self-efficacy, and test anxiety with self-handicapping behaviors.Method: The research method was a descriptive and correlational study. For this study, 428 students were chosen from different high schools in Shiraz as the participants, using random cluster sampling. The Perfectionism Questionnaire (developed by Terry-short), the scales of test anxiety and self-efficacy from Motivational Strategies Questionnaire (developed by Pintrich and De Groot) and the Self-handicapping Questionnaire (developed by Jones and Rhodewalt) were administered to them. In order to analyze data, the correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used.Results: There was a positive correlation between test-anxiety, negative perfectionism and self-handicapping. However, the correlation between self- self-efficacy, positive perfectionism and self-handicapping was found to be negative but significant. Regression analysis showed that 29% of the variance of self-handicap could be accounted with the four predictor variables.Conclusion: The relationship between self-handicapping and such characteristics as test anxiety, self-efficacy, and perfectionism is complicated. Anxious people, due to experiencing negative emotions or fear of negative evaluation, people with low self-efficacy, due to lack of self-belief and perfectionists, due to fear of failure are usually more prone to self-handicapping. Keywords: Self-handicapping Behaviors, Perfectionism Beliefs, Self-efficacy, Test Anxiety
Keywords: Self-handicapping Behaviors,Perfectionism Beliefs,self-efficacy,test anxiety
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67941.html
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67941_8fc9fbf313adef6cf5eaee644ef9587f.pdf
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Behavioral Sciences
2322-1194
2676-2900
10
2
2016
08
01
The mediating role of psychological empowerment and organizational justice in the relationship of servant leadership with job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior and organizational commitment
50
56
EN
Nasim
Khajepour
Department of Organizational and Industrial Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
nnaassiimm_kh@yahoo.com
Mostafa
Baharlou
Department of Organizational and Industrial Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
m_myegane@yahoo.com
Mohammad
Montakhab Yeganeh
Department of Organizational and Industrial Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
mostafa_baharlo@yahoo.com
Seyed-Esmaeil
Hashemi
Department of Organizational and Industrial Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
khajepour.nasim@yahoo.com
Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between servant leadership with job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior and organizational commitment by considering the mediating role of psychological empowerment and organizational justice in an industrial company.Method: This study used a correlative research method through structural equation modeling (SEM). For this study, 232 employees were selected by the Multi-stage sampling method. The measures of this research included the Servant Leadership Questionnaire, Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire, Organizational Justice Questionnaire, Job Satisfaction Questionnaire, Organizational Citizenship Behavior Questionnaire and the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire. Data were analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and intermediate analysis. Analyses of the structural equation modeling supported the fitness of the proposed model with the data.Results: The results indicated a direct positive effect of servant leadership on job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior and organizational commitment and an indirect positive effect of this relationship through psychological empowerment and organizational justice.Conclusion: It can be concluded that organizations may increase a sense of capability and perceived organizational justice in employees through absorbing, hiring, and training managers and promoting a servant leadership style in organizations and enjoy the benefit of the final result, like satisfied employees with high organizational citizenship behavior and organizational commitment. Keywords: Servant Leadership, Psychological Empowerment, Organizational Justice, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Organizational Commitment
Keywords: Servant Leadership,Psychological empowerment,Organizational Justice,Job Satisfaction,organizational citizenship behavior,organizational commitment
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67942.html
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67942_e035d76f3035dd1a80b6d77777105c31.pdf
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Behavioral Sciences
2322-1194
2676-2900
10
2
2016
08
01
Prediction of self-destruction based on depression symptom, internalized self-criticism, shame and guilt, and differences between men and women
57
62
EN
Ashraf
Sadat
Mousavi
0000-0002-8364-6477
Tarbiat Modares University, PhD student of psychology
ashraf.mousavi@gmail.com
Parviz
Azadfalah
Tarbiat Modares University
azadfallahparviz@gmail.com
Mohsen
Dehghani
0000-0002-5260-352X
Shahid Beheshti University
m.dehghani@sbu.ac.ir
Hojatolah
Farahani
Medical Science of Islamic Azad University
ipsyhaf@gmail.com
Abstract Introduction: Psychological theories and literature have confirmed self-destructiveness patterns in human beings. Chronic self-destructiveness has been defined as a tendency to behaviors that increase negative consequences and decrease potential success in the future. The aim of this study was to investigate prediction of chronic self-destructiveness based on the depression symptoms, internalized self-criticism, shame and guilt, and sex differences in this area. Method: Hundred and six under-graduate students (59 women and 47 men) of Tehran University responded to questionnaires, in convenience sampling. The Chronic Self-Destructiveness Scale (CSDS), Personal Feeling Questionnaire (PFQ), Levels of Self-Criticism Scale (LSCS) and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were used. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficients and standard multiple regression. Results: Data showed that depression could predict self-destructiveness in both sex. According to expect, after adding internalized self-criticism in the next step, the role of depression decreased in predicting of self-destructiveness, but internalized self-destructiveness could predict self-destructiveness beyond the depression, only in men. In the next step, after adding guilt and shame subscales in the equation, guilt could predict self-destructiveness, beyond other variables in women, and in men, internalized self-criticism could predict self-destructiveness better than other variables. Conclusion: Our findings affirmed that self-destructiveness could be predicted by depression, internalized self-criticism and guilt. Internalized self-criticism and guilt could predict self-destructiveness, beyond other variables, in men and women respectively.Keywords: chronic self-destruction; sex differences; internalized self-criticism; guilt; prediction.
Keywords: Chronic Self-Destruction,Sex differences,Internalized Self-Criticism,guilt,prediction
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67943.html
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67943_0ac65b6795a26d9d78ff7bb9424693e8.pdf
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Behavioral Sciences
2322-1194
2676-2900
10
2
2016
08
01
Simple and Multiple Correlations of Motivational Strategies with Academic Performance of English Language
63
67
EN
Ali Mohammad
Rezaei
Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
rezaei_am@semnan.ac.ir
Ali
Delavar
Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran
delavarali@yahoo.com
Afzal
--
Akbari Balootbangan
Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
akbariafzal@ymail.com
Mohammad ali
Mohammady Far
Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
alimohammadyfar@yahoo.com
Abstract Introduction:The aim of present study was the investigation of simple and multiple correlations of motivational strategies (self-efficacy, achievement goals and test anxiety) with English language academic performance. Methods:For this purpose, 296 pre university students (139 girls and 157 boys) were selected by clustery random sampling and motivational strategies and achievement goals answered by selected sample. For analyzing of data Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were run.Results: The results showed variables namely, self-efficacy, mastery-oriented achievement goals, were correlated with English language scores, positively; and variable namely: test anxiety, and avoidance of performance were correlated with English language scores, negatively. Also, there isn’t significant correlation between avoidance of mastery and English language academic performance. The result of multiple regression analysis indicated that 26% of variance of English language score explained by self-efficacy, mastery achievement goals and test anxiety. Conclusion: Ultimately, it can be said, self-efficacy, mastery achievement goals and test anxiety are more effective variables on English language academic performance and they can improve the scores of English language.
Keywords: Motivational Strategies,Achievement goals,Academic performance,English language
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67944.html
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67944_305def26aa16dae99c68ac4edf23df87.pdf
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Behavioral Sciences
2322-1194
2676-2900
10
2
2016
08
01
The Model of the relationship between couples and family based on Quran and Hadith
68
74
EN
Khodabakhsh
Ahmadi
PhD in Counseling, Professor of Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
kh_ahmady@yahoo.com
Mustafa
Bolghan-Abadi
Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur Branch, Neyshabur
mbolghan@gmail.com
Background and purpose: The family is a plant of mankind, if the plant has a healthy (sound) framework and rules, healthy individuals will also be developed. The best rules and framework for family health are regarding the principles obtained from revelation and Hadith. Hence, the purpose of the present study is to analyze the content of Quran and Hadith in the family and present a model of Islamic-Iranian family.Methods: The present study method was a qualitative grounded theory. For this purpose, data were collected from the study population consisted of Quran and authentic Hadith quoted from Imams peace be upon them written in subject books' on strengthening the family and a comprehensive software Al-Ahadis with the content related to the family based on research objectives and questions on couples and family relationships. The content obtained was classified based on sub categories. Then the categories were classified based on the concepts.Findings: The results showed that four cases are important in the family relationships and interactions. Honor and respect among the family members, collaboration, accountability and flexibility in carrying out, support and being supported, and try of every member to make a change in himself and not another.Conclusion: According to the study findings, as if the process of formation and dynamics of the family is drawn with an Islamic approach and if ethical principles are respected in basic aspects of the family structure based on Islamic model from the verses and hadiths, they can guarantee the survival, health, growth and dynamics of the family.
Keywords: Model,Marriage,Family,Islamic Holy Quran,Hadith
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67945.html
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67945_85f7ef098fc29f44adf5fddcbf84b26e.pdf
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Behavioral Sciences
2322-1194
2676-2900
10
2
2016
08
01
Comparing the Effectiveness of Olson Circumplex Model and Walsh Integrated Approach on Marital Resilience and Conflicts of Couple
75
80
EN
Nazak
Hosseini
PhD of counseling, Department of Counseling, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
nazak.hosseini@yahoo.com
Shokouh
Navabinejad
Professor of counseling, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
karimi.n_scholar@yahoo.com
Alireza
Kiamanesh
Professor of counseling, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
reza2007_karimi@yahoo.com
The present study was conducted aiming at comparing the effectiveness of Olson Circumplex Model and Walsh Integrated Approach on marital resiliency and conflicts of couple. In this experimental procedure, from among all the couples who had referred to the counseling offices in district 3 of Tehran city in 2014 due to marital conflicts, 30 coupes eligible for the conditions intended by researcher were selected as samples through random replacement sampling method and were randomly placed in three groups, namely two test groups and one witness group. Then, both test groups were influenced by independent variables(Olson model and Walsh approach)within 8 sessions each for 90-120 minutes. Instruments used in this study included resilience scale(CD-RISC)and Marital Conflicts Questionnaire (MCQ)which were used within three stages, namely pretest, posttest and 3-month follow-up. Finally, the collected data was analyzed by using variance analysis test with repeated measurement. Results indicated a significant difference between average marks of test and control groups in marital resilience and conflicts as compared to control group; i.e., training of Olson Circumplex Model and Walsh Integrated Approach increased marital resilience and decreased marital conflicts between the couple and this is a durable effect over time. No significant difference was found in resilience between the two groups in comparing the effectiveness of two approaches which means that both studied methods had almost the same therapeutic effect on the couple's resilience. But a significant different difference was found between the two groups in marital conflicts. Averages showed that Olson Circumplex Model enjoyed a higher effectiveness in reducing marital conflicts between the couples as compared to Walsh Integrated Approach.
Keywords: Olson Circumplex Model,Walsh Integrated Approach,Couple's Resilience,Conflicts
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67946.html
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67946_032508d5ac8af3944c661d5d35a9e790.pdf
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Behavioral Sciences
2322-1194
2676-2900
10
2
2016
08
01
Effectiveness of mindfulness-based Stress reduction (MBSR) on anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in patients with HIV/ AIDS
81
86
EN
Hadi
Parhoon
Department of clinical Psychology, Faulty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Kharazmi, Tehran, Iran
hadi.parhon43@gmail.com
Kourosh
Masomzadeh
Department of clinical Psychology, Faulty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
ma.clinicalpsy@gmail.com
Alireza
Moradi
Department of clinical Psychology, Faulty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Kharazmi, Tehran, Iran
moradi90@yahoo.com
Kamal`
Parhoon
Department of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Allameh Tabatabaei, Tehran, Iran
kamalparhon110@gmail.com
Masome
Mirmotahari
Department of guidance and counseling psychology, Faulty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
mirmotahari@gmail.com
AbstractIntroduction: Mindfulness plays an important role in improving psychological functions of chronic patients. Therefore the aim of this study was investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on symptoms of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress in patients with HIV/ AIDS.Method: This was an experimental design with pre-test, post-test along with follow-up group. Using convenience sampling 30 HIV/ AIDS patients were selected. They were randomly assigned into two groups of experiment and control. The experimental group underwent mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy within two months. The scores of Beck Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) , Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R), were collected from the two groups in pre-test, post-test and in a two-month follow up. Data were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance test. Results: Results in the post-test and follow up indicated that MBSR in experimental group, significantly reduced symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (P˂0.05), anxiety (P˂0.05) and depression (P˂0.05) in HIV/ AIDS patients.Conclusion: Results of this study revealed the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on psychological functions in patients with HIV. According to these results and the mechanism of its effectiveness, this therapy can have good therapeutic implications.Keywords: mindfulness based stress reduction, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, HIV/AIDS.
Keywords: Mindfulness- Based Stress Reduction,Anxiety,depression,Post-Traumatic Stress,HIV/AIDS
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67947.html
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67947_7bb1c147c7ce5363364a6de4746bd0d3.pdf
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Behavioral Sciences
2322-1194
2676-2900
10
2
2016
08
01
Prediction of Thin-ideal Internalization from Appearance Perfectionism, Self-concept Clarity and Self-esteem
87
91
EN
shima
shahyad
ORCID ID First Name
Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
shima.shahyad@gmail.com
Abstract<br /> <br /> Introduction: Eating disorders and body-image disturbances are of the most prevalent and disabling clinical complications that adolescent girls and young women develop. From the causes which effectively contribute to body dissatisfaction and eating pathology, is considered to be internalization of thin-ideal. This study aims to determine the correlations between thin-ideal internalization and variables of appearance perfectionism, self-concept clarity and self-esteem. Next, it investigates the percentage that each variable predicts internalization of thin-ideal.<br /> <br /> Method: To conduct the study, 477 high-school students from Tehran were recruited by method of cluster sampling. Next, they filled out Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Appearance Perfectionism Scale, Self-concept clarity scale as well as Sociocultural Attitudes towards Appearance Questionnaire-4. At last, collected data were analyzed using Pearson’ correlation coefficient together with stepwise regression.<br /> <br /> Results: Findings of the study showed that variables of self-esteem and self-concept clarity significantly correlated with thin-ideal internalization in a negative direction (p< 0.000). The relationship between appearance perfectionism and thin-ideal internalization was positively significant (p< 0.000). Besides, outcomes of stepwise regression suggested that appearance perfectionism could account for 12% of the variance of thin-ideal internalization. After adding the variable of self-concept clarity, coefficient of determination increased by 16% which then went up by 17% as the variable of self-esteem entered regression equation. Such an increase was statistically significant. Self-esteem (p< 0.023) and self-concept clarity (p< 0.002) were negative predictors and appearance perfectionism (p< 0.000) was positive predictor of thin-ideal internalization. Beta coefficients also indicated that the predictor of appearance perfectionism with a beta of 0.33 had the largest impact on thin-ideal internalization. The second and the third predictors of thin-ideal internalization were self-concept clarity and self-esteem with beta coefficients of -0.15 and -0.11, respectively.<br /> <br /> Conclusion: Personal differences which get people vulnerable to thin-ideal internalization recently have come into use as useful measures to relieve the symptoms of eating disorders. In fact, such differences, not only enhance our understanding of eating and body-image disturbances, but also could bring us with alternative methods for prevention and treatment of respective disorders.<br /> <br /> Keywords: Appearance Perfectionism, Self-concept clarity, Self-esteem, Thin-ideal internalization
Keywords: Appearance perfectionism,Self-concept clarity,Self-esteem,Thin-ideal Internalization
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67948.html
https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67948_2ef0688b65343716f37ee932d03e8ad2.pdf